Youth and social navigation in Zimbabwe's informal economy: don''t end up on the wrong side
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 118, Heft 472, S. 485-508
ISSN: 0001-9909
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In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 118, Heft 472, S. 485-508
ISSN: 0001-9909
World Affairs Online
In: Journal of refugee studies, Band 29, Heft 3, S. 363-387
ISSN: 1471-6925
World Affairs Online
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 118, Heft 472, S. 485-508
ISSN: 1468-2621
This article draws on qualitative case study research in Murewa, a rural district town in Zimbabwe, to extend the use of the concept of 'social navigation' from conflict-affected settings to repressive regime contexts. Through the concept of 'the everyday', it analyses how youth experience political violence and repression, and the tactics they use to access paid work and secure self-employment. The findings show that youth accept existing forms of political violence and repression as normal, and that the historical construction of politicized youth matters for how they understand their room for manoeuvre within it. Since partisan actors control many of the economic opportunities, social navigation is about the need to assess the political affiliation of actors that offer any economic opportunity, and the potential implications of being associated with a particular 'side' in the political landscape. Contrary to dominant discourses that portray youth as violent, this study shows that many will avoid relationships through which they risk being mobilized into violence.
In: Peacebuilding, Band 5, Heft 2, S. 186-202
ISSN: 2164-7267
Despite the end of the civil war in 2005, many people in South Sudan continued to experience a deep sense of insecurity due to the many different types of violent conflict in the country. This sense of insecurity is exacerbated by the lack of protection from the state and the perceived injustice in how power is distributed at the national level. Based on a study carried out in 2013, prior to the country's relapse into large-scale violence, this article discusses gendered insecurity and agency among the Latuko in Imatong state. In response to their sense of insecurity, the Latuko have developed security arrangements that represent forms of hybrid security governance. Using a notion of masculinity, the article will reflect on the gender dynamics in these local security arrangements. This shows that the social order that customary institutions create can contribute to an increase in violence against women at the domestic level. However, although women are excluded from the decision-making institutions that govern the security arrangements, they exercise subtle forms of agency to influence them.
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In: Journal of refugee studies, Band 29, Heft 3, S. 363-387
ISSN: 1471-6925
In: Conflict, security & development: CSD, Band 16, Heft 1, S. 75-101
ISSN: 1478-1174
In: Journal of refugee studies
ISSN: 0951-6328
In: Journal of refugee studies, Band 29, Heft 3, S. 363-387
ISSN: 0951-6328
In: Gender and development, Band 19, Heft 3, S. 395-408
ISSN: 1364-9221
In: African affairs: the journal of the Royal African Society, Band 121, Heft 484, S. 371-394
ISSN: 1468-2621
World Affairs Online
In: Global policy: gp, Band 12, Heft S5, S. 59-69
ISSN: 1758-5899
AbstractConcerns about closing civic space have focused on human rights, and little to date has been known of the impacts on development. This article traces impacts of closing civic space on civil society and social movements addressing poverty and hunger in Brazil, Ethiopia, Pakistan and Zimbabwe. Countries that clamped down on civil society and social movements have not all fared badly in terms of poverty and hunger, as the 'developmental states' of China and Vietnam demonstrate. This article proposes that how closures of civic space affect development outcomes will depend on the role civil society plays in development, and specifically on the 'fit' between civil society and the state with respect to development policy and programming. Despite diversity in political and economic context, restrictions on civic space commonly prevent broad civic engagement in policy processes, in particular critique or scrutiny of government policy and practice, and hamper non‐governmental organizations' service delivery. Because civic engagement matters most for marginalized and disempowered people, their exclusion from policy processes and services will deepen. Reversals or stagnation in progress towards addressing poverty and hunger indicate that as civic space narrows, the most marginalized and disempowered groups face a growing risk of being left behind.
In: IDS bulletin: transforming development knowledge, Band 47, Heft 5
ISSN: 1759-5436
In: IDS bulletin: transforming development knowledge, Band 49, Heft 5
ISSN: 1759-5436
Globally, governments, development agencies, and inter-governmental institutions have invested heavily in skills-building interventions seeking to enhance the employability of youths. However, policy actors are becoming more aware of the shortcomings of skills-building interventions, and attention is shifting to focus on how to promote productivity, boost the private sector, and generate the kind of growth that could create jobs. While policymakers have endorsed the role of the private sector as a job generator, it remains unclear whether, and under what conditions, the formal private sector generates enough and decent jobs. Empirical research on youth employment in the private sector is sparse. This IDS Bulletin begins to fill that gap. The articles here have been authored by young African scholars from the Matasa Fellows Network, convened by the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) in collaboration with Mastercard Foundation. These early-career academics from Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda, and Zimbabwe were selected to consider the role that could be played by the formal private sector in job creation in Africa. Case studies come from their respective countries. While some aspects of the youth employment challenge are common to all six countries, the local contexts and situations are unique and sectoral. This IDS Bulletin explores the scope of research and policy challenges in three specific areas: agribusiness and youth employment; skills gaps and youth employability; and youth employment in fragile and conflict-affected settings. The articles demonstrate the importance of effective policy measures to ensure that private sector growth creates sufficient numbers of decent, secure jobs to provide employment to African youth. ; Mastercard Foundation
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